8 SPololei kēnā How to Mhou aku ʻO ka Compost maikaʻi loa
8 Nā ʻanuʻu i ka hana ʻana i ka compost maikaʻi loa
ʻO ke kaʻina hana compost ke ʻano koʻikoʻi no ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ʻōpala organik i mea hoʻomomona. Therefore, He mea koʻikoʻi ka mālama ʻana i ke kaʻina hana compost no ka mea e pili pono ana i ka ʻano meaʻai o ka mea kanu a me ka absorption a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea kanu.. Eia 8 nā ʻanuʻu i ka hana ʻana i ka compost maikaʻi loa!
Kāhea iā mākou no ka ʻōlelo manuahi:
Step 1: ʻOhi ʻōpala Organic no ka Composting
TʻO ke koho ʻana i nā mea maka no ka hoʻopuehu ʻana ʻo ia ka hana mua i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka momona. Pono e loaʻa i nā mea maka kūpono ka nui o nā mea olaola, lawa nā meaʻai e like me ka nitrogen, phosphate, a me ka potassium, a me kahi mea paʻakai haʻahaʻa. Thus, pono e koho ʻia ka nui a me ka pākēneka o kēia mau mea maka ma muli o nā koi kūikawā. Meanwhile, oiai e koho ana i na mea compost, e noʻonoʻo i ka meaʻai a me nā mea kemika o nā mea like ʻole, a me nā ʻano e like me ka haʻahaʻa a me ka nui.
ʻO wai nā mea hiki ke hoʻopili i ke kaʻina hana compost?
ʻEkolu mau ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o ke koho ʻana i nā mea maka no ka hana ʻana i ka compost penei.
Na mea ano mua
Mai Decompose maʻalahi- ʻOpala kīhini: ʻO kēia ka meaʻai koena, ʻili hua, ʻōpala mea kanu, etc. No ke aha e hiki ai i kēia mau mea ke lilo i mea waiwai nui no ka hoʻopuehu ʻana? No ka mea ua waiwai lākou i nā mea olaola.
- Koena Hua: ʻO ke koena o nā mea kanu like ʻole e like me ka mauʻu, nahelehele, lau hāʻule, a he nui ka nui o nā kumu waina cellulose, hiki ke lawelawe ma ke ano he kumu kalapona a hāʻawi i ka ikehu microbial ma ka compost.
ʻO nā meaʻelua
Hoʻolaha i ka DecompositionGenerally speaking, ʻOi aku ka nui o ka hydrogen i loko o kēia mau mea a ua waiwai i nā bacteria decomposition, e like me ke kanaka & lepo holoholona a mimi paha, waiʻawaʻawa, enuhe kilika, plant ash, lime, etc. In addition, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kekahi ʻōpala organik no ka hoʻopili ʻana, e like me ka distiller's grains, ʻōpala pulp, etc. Hiki i nā mea ola i loko o kēia mau mea ke lilo i kumu meaʻai no nā microorganisms.
Na Mea Kolu
Me ka hoʻomoe ikaikaNo ka pale a ho'ēmi i ka volatilization o ka amonia, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i kahi liʻiliʻi o ka peat, clay, a ʻo kekahi superphosphate a i ʻole ka pauka pōhaku phosphate i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana compost. Hence, Hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka momona o ka composting.
Note:
- Pono ʻoe e nānā i nā kapu, ʻo kahi laʻana, ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea kanu me nā herbicides a me nā insecticides i ka hana compost.
- In addition, He mea nui nō hoʻi e pale aku i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea i loaʻa i nā metala kaumaha a me nā kemika ʻino no nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole i nā mea kanu.
Step 2: Ka hoomalu ana i ka wela o ka compost
THe hopena koʻikoʻi ka emperature i ka hana microbial a me ka decomposition o nā mea organik i ka wā o ka hana compost. For one thing, kiʻekiʻe wela composting (over 60℃) hiki iā ia ke wikiwiki i ka wāwahi ʻana i nā ʻōpala organik a hoʻonui i ka pono o ka composting. However, hiki i ka wela nui ke alakaʻi i ka nalowale o kekahi mau meaʻai.
Fa i ʻole kekahi mea ʻē aʻe, ka hoʻopuehu ʻana i nā mahana haʻahaʻa (40-60℃) a me nā mahana haʻahaʻa (≤40℃) hiki ke kaupalena i ka hana ʻana o kekahi mau pūhui ʻino, ʻoiai e lōʻihi ana ka lōʻihi o ka hana ʻana. As a result, ma keia hana, pono ʻoe e hoʻololi i ka mahana o ka composting ma muli o ke kūlana o kēia manawa.
Pehea e hoʻomalu pono ai i ka wela hoʻopuehu?He mau ʻano Mīkini Compost no kāu koho!
ʻAʻole hiki i nā mea kanu fertilizer ke hoʻomalu pono i ka mahana compost, aka, he hooponopono pono ole ia e ka nā mīkini compost. Hiki i kā mākou mea hana ke hoʻokele i ka mahana o ka compost ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka wikiwiki o ka huli ʻana a me ka pinepine.
Here, e hoʻolauna pōkole mākou i kā mākou moʻo huahana no ka hāʻawi ʻana iā ʻoe i kahi e koho ai.
Step 3: Hoʻoponopono i ka wai kompost
ʻO ka haʻahaʻa compost kekahi mea nui e pili ana i ka maikaʻi o ka composting. Hiki i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ke kumu i ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka aeration o ka compost a ke keʻakeʻa i ka ulu ʻana o ka microbial, ʻoiai ʻaʻole lawa ka makū hiki ke hoʻopaneʻe i ka wikiwiki o ka decompose o nā mea organik. In general, pono ka makū o nā mea i ka laulā o 50%-70%.
Pehea e hoʻomalu ai i ka wai ma ke kaʻina hana compost?
Mīkini hoʻoheheʻe wai
I ka wā o ke kaʻina hana mua, ka waiho ʻana i nā puʻu a i ʻole nā compost huli mua, pono e lawa ka wai o na mea maka e like me ka hiki. ʻOi aku, inā ʻilihune ka makū o nā mea maka, pono ʻoe e hoʻolako i nā mea o luna ma mua o ka wai ma lalo. Ma ke kue, ina ua hala ka wai 60%, paipai mākou e kūʻai i kā mākou mīkini hoʻoheheʻe wai no ka dehydration ma mua.
Self-propelled composter
ʻElua mau ala e hoʻomalu ai i ka makū ma kēia kaʻina hana.
- Firstly, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻouka i nā paipu wai ma ka paia o nā awāwa fermentation e pulu no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka wai.
- Secondly, hiki iā mākou ke hana i nā sprinklers ma kā mākou nā mea huli wai wai e like me nā koi o nā mea kūʻai aku.
Ma keia ala, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i ka compost a hāʻawi i ka wai i ka manawa like. Ma waho aʻe, ʻano like nō hoʻi ka mākū i loko o ka compost.
Ke hoʻomau ka mahana o ka mea ma lalo 40℃, Manaʻo mākou ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohui i ka wai i ka wā e hoʻohuli ai i nā puʻu, inā ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopilikia i ka hopena post fermentation.
Step 4: Hoʻomaikaʻi Aeration o ka Compost
Hiki i ka ventila maikaʻi ke hoʻoikaika i ka hanu ʻana o nā microorganism a me ka helu decomposition o nā mea organik i ka wā o ka hana compost.. Thus, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻonui i ka ea o ka compost ma ka hoʻohuli ʻana i nā puʻu a i ʻole ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea hanu e like me ka mauʻu.
Step 5: Hui Pū ʻia no ka hopena Fermentation ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi
I ka hana compost, hiki i ka hui ʻana o nā mea maka like ʻole ke hoʻoikaika i ka decomposition o nā mea ola a me ka pilina o nā meaʻai. Hence, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i kēia mau mea i ka wā e hui ai i nā mea:
Fmua loa, pono ʻoe e hoʻopau i nā mea maka ma mua (e like me ka wawahi ana, screening, etc.) e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hui ʻana a me ka hana compost.
Our nā mea wili lepo hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka fermentation fertilizer bio-organic a me ka compost. For example, he semi-wet material crusher i hoʻolālā ʻia no nā mea haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe e like me nā feces, a o kekahi straw crusher no ka palaoa laau. And, Loaʻa iā lāua ʻelua ma ka waihona.
Shoʻokele waiwai, pono ʻoe e hana i ka hui ʻana kūpono e like me ke ʻano a me ka hapa o nā mea maka e hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi a me ka hopena o ka compost.
- Ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau, ka C/N ratio pono e hooponopono ma waena 20:1-30:1. Inā haʻahaʻa loa ka ratio C/N, Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i ka mea kanu ammonia (e.g. urea); Inā kiʻekiʻe loa ka ratio C/N, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i ka cellulose, etc.
Finally, pono ʻoe e hoʻohuli pinepine i ka mea compost e mālama i kahi kūlana hui maikaʻi.
Step 6: Ka Huli Mau o ka Kompost
Step 7: Hoʻohui Microbial i loko o ka Compost
ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā microorganism kahi ala kūpono e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka maikaʻi a me ka maikaʻi o ka composting. ʻO kekahi mau microorganism kūikawā like Actinomycetes hiki ke hoʻolalelale i ka decompose o nā mea ola i loko o nā meaʻai, ma laila e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka waiwai waiwai o ka compost.
Pehea e hoʻomalu ai i ka wai ma ke kaʻina hana compost?
Step 8: Kāohi ʻAla i ka wā o ka hana ʻana i ka ʻōpala
He hopena maikaʻi ʻole ka ʻala i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kaiapuni a puni, akā, ʻo ka ʻoihana mahiʻai a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea kanu.
Eia kekahi mau ala no ka pale ʻana i ka pilau:
- 1
E hoomaka, ke koho ʻana i nā mea maka kūpono hiki ke kaupalena i ka hana ʻana o nā mea ʻala.
- 2
Pono ʻoe e mālama pono i ka haʻahaʻa a me ka mahana o ka compost e pale aku i ka volatilization ʻala.
- 3
No ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana a i ʻole ka wāwahi ʻana i nā mea ʻala, kekahi mau adsorbents (e.g. kalapona hana, zeolite, etc.) a i ʻole nā deodorant (e.g. nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ola, etc.) hiki ke noi.
- 4
Finally, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka maʻemaʻe o ke kaiapuni, he mea nui ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻokele waipulu kūpono a hoʻomaʻemaʻe wikiwiki a hoʻolei i nā mea ʻala..
I ka pōkole, keia mau mea 8 nā ʻanuʻu e pili ana i ka hana ʻana i ka compost maikaʻi loa hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i ke kaʻina hana compost a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka fertilizer. In actual operation, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kahi koho kikoʻī a me ka noi e like me ke kūlana maoli a me ke koi. Shunxin pili i ka credibility-oriented, maikaʻi maikaʻi, kumukūʻai maikaʻi, hoʻokipa maikaʻi i nā hoaaloha o ka lawelawe e nīnau.
E kiʻi i ka hōʻaiʻē manuahi i kēia manawa!
